ABSTRACT

How can we describe phenomenal consciousness accurately? It is well accepted that descriptions of phenomena cannot be entirely theory-free. As the philosopher Karl Popper puts it, even basic terms in science are ‘theoryladen’. Thus, ‘observations, and even more observation statements and statements of experimental results, are always interpretations of the facts observed; they are interpretations in the light of theories’ (Popper, 1972, p. 107, note 3).