ABSTRACT
In August 1874, a national Sunday School convention met on Lake Chautauqua in New York. A group of Crusaders were among the attendees, and as they exchanged tales of saloon visitation, “‘their hearts burned within them,’ and new thoughts took possession of their minds”—thoughts of transmitting the spirit of the Crusade into a national organization. They immediately went to work brainstorming and planning. As with the Crusade, male support aided their efforts. The women enlisted John Heyl Vincent, the Methodist minister who had organized the Chautauqua convention, to help them plan and publicize a national women’s temperance convention to be held in Cleveland that November.2
