ABSTRACT
Achieving sex equity in U.S. classrooms means equally recognizing and rewarding the achievement of both male and female students. It also means providing both male and female students with equal opportunities to pursue training and career paths, including training in traditionally female occupations for males (e.g., elementary school teacher, nurse) or traditionally male occupations for females (e.g., construction, business management; Bailey, 1993). Federal regulatory acts, such as Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 have aimed at establishing gender equity in the United States and have led to a redefinition of sex discrimination in the classroom. Title IX in particular states that no person shall be discriminated against on the basis of sex in any educational program receiving federal funds. Since its enactment, Title IX has been a powerful source in initiating school reforms in the United States, particularly with respect to sex discrimination in the classroom.
