ABSTRACT
All these crimes and sins committed by the Americans are a clear declaration of war on God, his Messenger, and Muslims. . . . [T]he jihad is an individual duty if the enemy destroys the Muslim countries. . . . As for the fi ghting to repulse [an enemy], it is aimed at defending sanctity and religion, and it is a duty. . . . On that basis, and in compliance with God’s order, we issue the following fatwa to all Muslims: Th e ruling to kill the Americans and their allies-civilian and military-is an individual duty for every Muslim who can do it in any country in which it is possible to do it.
