ABSTRACT
A few water supply systems have the benefit of a gravity supply but most require some kind of pumping. Pumps are a means of adding energy to water. They convert fuel energy, such as petrol or diesel, into useful water energy using combustion engines or electric motors. In the pipeline problem in Chapter 5 the energy to drive water along the pipeline to the town was obtained from a reservoir located high above the town. The energy line drawn from the reservoir to the town indicated the amount of energy available. Adding a pump to this system increases the available energy and raises the energy line so that the discharge from the reservoir to the town can be increased (Figure 8.1).
