ABSTRACT
Meanwhile India had laid out new state boundaries, mainly based on linguistic regions: Kerala, for speakers of Malayalam; Tamil Nadu for Tamil; Andhra Pradesh for Telugu; Karnataka (until 1973 Mysore) for Kannada; Gujarat for Gujarati-speakers; Maharashtra for Marathi; Orissa for Oriya; West Bengal for Bengali; Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Bihar for Hindi and its variants. To accommodate caste differences and indigenous tribal peoples, the last three of these were each split in 2000 to create Uttaranchal, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand. The part of Punjab left to India by partition was redivided in 1966: the mainly Hindi-speaking part became Haryana, while the Himalayan foothills went to Himachal Pradesh, the residual Punjab being mainly Punjabi-speaking (and 63% Sikh).
