ABSTRACT
On 20 October 1998, the Kosovo Information Centre (KIC), which supports the party of the ethnic Albanian leader, Dr Ibrahim Rugova, reported that hackers claiming to be members of the Serbian terrorist organization Crna Ruka (Black Hand) hacked its webpage. The hackers left an image of the Serbian nationalist symbol and wrote in Serbian and English: ‘[w]elcome to the Web page of the biggest liars and killers . . . Brother Albanians, this coat of arms will be in your flag as long as you exist’ (BBC Online 25 October 1998). After the pages were restored, the hackers came back with a message saying who they were and posting the slogan ‘Long Live Serbia’. The same cyber-unit also attacked other Albanian sites and the largest Croatian daily English newspapers. Croatian hackers retaliated by crashing pages of the Serbian National University Library.
