Avar North-East Caucasian Avestan Iranian Avaro-Andi North-East-Caucasian axiom [Grk axíoma ‘worth, value’]

In the framework of scientific theory a fundamental principle that forms the basis of a scientific system from which all other theorems can be logically derived. In the ancient logic of Aristotle and Euclid, axioms were considered to be incontestable, intuitively obvious principles and the statements derived from them to be true assertions. The development of axiomatic geometry by Hilbert (1899) brought about a new interpretation of the concept ‘axiom’ according to which the truth of axioms is not intuitively presupposed but rather that axioms are arbitrarily determined. For the correctness of logical axioms it is, however, necessary that the axiom be proven true. The introduction of axiomatic theory in language description plays an important role in numerous more recent descriptive models such as transformational grammar, categorial grammar, integrative linguistics and others.