borrowing

Adoption of a linguistic expression from one language into another language, usually when no term exists for the new object, concept, or state of affairs. Among the causes of such cross-linguistic influence ( language contact) may be various political, cultural, social, or economic developments (importation of new products, prestige, local flavor, internationalization of specialized languages and jargons, among others). Throughout its history, English has been subjected to influences from foreign cultures and languages, for example, through expansion of the Roman Empire, the migrations of the Scandinavians, Christianization, the development and growth of science and the humanities, French borrowings on and off since the Norman conquest, and more recent borrowings from dozens of languages in modern times, especially through the growth of telecommunications and universal travel. ( also foreign word, loan word, semantic change, word formation)

References

Gneuss, H. 1955. Lehnbildungen und Lehnbedeutunger im Altenglischen. Berlin. Haugen, E. 1950. The analysis of linguistic borrow-ing. Lg 26. 210-31. Lokotsch, K. 1927. Wörterbuch der europäischen (germanischen, romanischen und slawischen)

Wörter orientalischen Ursprungs. Heidelberg. (2nd edn 1975.) Meillet, A. 1921. Linguistique historique et linguistique générale. Paris. Weinreich, U. 1953. Languages in contact, 2nd rev. edn. The Hague.