ABSTRACT
HOW FAR DOES NIETZSCHE GO? In aphorism 103 of Daybreak, Nietzsche makes an alarming statement which he repeats many times with variations throughout his published and unpublished writings: “I deny morality as I deny alchemy…. I also deny immorality: not that countless people feel themselves to be immoral, but that there is any true reason so to feel.” He then adds an explanation that is apparently intended to calm his reader’s alarm somewhat:
It goes without saying that I do not deny-unless I am a fool —that many actions called immoral ought to be avoided and resisted, or that many called moral ought to be done and encouraged-but I think the one should be encouraged and the other avoided for other reasons than hitherto.
