ABSTRACT
In standard Government-Binding Theory there are several well-known unresolved problems concerning the -Criterion and the notion of arguments. One typical problem is that different elements function as arguments for the -Criterion at different levels. If the -Criterion holds at D-Structure, then heads of A¯-chains (i.e. elements like wh-phrases and quantifier/operator phrases) will have to count as arguments for it, since these are in -positions at this level:
(1) -Criterion (at D-Structure) a. Each argument is in a -position. b. Each -position contains an argument.
