ABSTRACT
The intervention of Denmark, Sweden and Poland in the war between Muscovy and the Order in Livonia marks the beginning of the early modern stage of the struggle for power in the Baltic (dominium maris Baltici, as it was first described in 1563 by King Sigismund of Poland, in disapproving of it) which was to continue with little interruption until the establishment of Russian supremacy in the early eighteenth century.1
