ABSTRACT
Modern stereophonic recording, or stereo as we normally call it, makes use of many diverse
microphone arrays and techniques. At the basis of them all are a set of fundamental two-or
three-microphone arrays for picking up a stereo sound stage for reproduction over a pair of
loudspeakers. In stereo reproduction the listener is able to perceive images on the stereo
sound stage that may span the entire angular width of the loudspeaker array and in some cases
wider than the loudspeaker spacing. The sound sources that are perceived at other than
loudspeaker locations are known as “phantom images,” because they appear at positions where
there are no physical, or real sources of sound.
