This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book provides the influences on electricity demand and how they impact on electricity supply infrastructure from five main theoretical perspectives of techno-economics, social psychology, socio-technical transitions, social practices, and institutional theory. It explores the various events that resulted in the evolution and changes in energy and electricity infrastructure supply in Nigeria within a 218-year period covering 1800–2018. The book examines the various eras of energy use with an emphasis on understanding how innovation shaped the changing nature of demand for energy and how the Nigerian government and people responded to this changing demand. It highlights the role of some salient drivers that shaped energy and electricity infrastructure provision and supply such as: policy and institutional interventions; technological interventions and energy technology pathways; societal practices and public values for energy; economic consideration; and energy resource options.