ABSTRACT
The development of charitable societies organized on more professional lines necessarily led in time to greater State participation. The support of a professional service and the provision of its facilities were often far beyond the resources of any private society, and if the work proved itself of use to the community, some public authority would have to take over if the work was to be effectively continued. The activities which developed from this newly gained knowledge and experience were in fact stages in the development of the collectivist State. Arnold Toynbee’s declaration was more significant than the statements and proposals of these men partly because he was more influential and representative. Toynbee saw in democracy a unifying principle, which though it might force individuals to abandon special advantages would compensate them by re-uniting them to the main body of the community.
