ABSTRACT
This chapter begins with the analysis of civil society development in Central Asia and then moved on to Russia. International NGO Training & Research Centre works with a variety of international development agencies and some of its closest allies in promoting an autonomous civil society around the world have always been from Northern Europe – Holland, Denmark, the Scandinavian countries. Collaboration includes the joint work of NGOs or social enterprises with government and the private sector to improve services; protest means street actions and social movements. The outbreak of civil and armed conflict in Ukraine had an immediate effect on civil society in the Russian Federation. Civil society agencies are often requested to play a role in the pacification and rebuilding of societies affected by conflict. Thus, some writers make a strong case for civil society organisations in resolving the ‘new wars’ that have erupted around the world since the end of the Cold War.
