The attraction and management of migrant nurses employed in countries like Australia, Ireland, the US, Canada, the UK and the Gulf countries has developed into a mature industry. While there are myriad reasons why nurses choose to migrate, one important motivator is the desire for greater opportunities for their nursing career and for the future of their families both in Australia and overseas. This chapter outlines the context-specific and locally sensitive nature of nurse migration. It focuses on the factors that inform these women’s decision to leave their countries: in particular how the state, and the market actively shape migration processes. Interdependencies between gender, migration and care have been well established in a diverse array of literature. By the mid-1990s the major immigration source continued to be the Asian region, accounting for 32% of total settler arrivals—with 20% from the Southeast Asian region and 12% from the Northeast Asian region.