ABSTRACT
This chapter examines how migration patterns, once established, have shifted through time in response to changing outside conditions. The establishment of the colonial regime permitted the resumption of contact and trade between neighboring groups. Most of Etyolo's forced labor recruits worked at Wassadougou, a sisal plantation over 100 kilometres northwest of the village. Conscripts made the difficult and dangerous journey there and back on foot, guarded by Senegalese overseers. Beginning in the late 1950s, migration patterns from the village began to change, in response to new influences from the outside. Etyolo functions between two quite different social and economic poles: wet-season subsistence agriculture in the village; and dry-season wage-labor in the towns. By the mid-1970s, although Etyolo remained physically and culturally isolated from the rest of Senegal, it had moved gradually into close contact with a variety of national institutions and influences.
