ABSTRACT
Reports and notes by, for example, Polish and British foreign services abound with charges of excessive protectionism, restrictions, and autarkic inclinations, in short, economic nationalism, against East-Central European countries. There is no reason to think that reports by Bulgarian, Czechoslovak, or Hungarian diplomats were any different. It is of major importance to establish precisely the extent to which a specific economic policy resulted from particular circumstances and the extent to which it was a consistent, deliberate course taken to stimulate the economy, its sectors, and its industries to develop in a definite direction. In East-Central Europe nostrification was the most common manifestation of economic nationalism. However, the term itself is ambiguous, providing for a multitude of interpretations. The changes in property relations in the heavy industry of the Polish Upper Silesia of the second half of the 1930s, too, came about as a result of purely economic considerations. German organizations in Czechoslovakia frequently complained about being discriminated against economically.
