ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978, three US government organizations–the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Energy Research and Development Administration, and the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency—and four international bodies— European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM), the Consultative Committee, the World Bank, and the international Atomic Energy Agency. It deals with theoretical reflections by noted scholars on the issue of national compliance with an international public authority. EURATOM and three international institutions were mandated responsibility to assess the implications of nuclear energy. In the late 1940s, the United States initiated what eventually became the most concerted international effort to monitor exports of all sorts, nuclear power included, for security reasons. The International Atomic Energy Agency is responsible for fostering "peaceful" nuclear development worldwide. To insure that this development remains peaceful, the agency devised a number of measures, including a set of physical security guidelines for nuclear facilities and materials.
