ABSTRACT
Mordekhai Salomon in particular had reason to resent characterizations of the Yishuv as reactionary and parasitic. Like his father and grandfather, he had always promoted a Yishuv less economically dependent upon the Diaspora. For all its practical elements, the Ashkenazi Yishuv cannot be understood or evaluated except as an ideological community, a religiously defined society that insisted on subordinating "practical" concerns to the transcendent goal that composed its very raison d'être: the maintenance of an ultraorthodox culture, which alone would bring about the Redemption. For all convergence of interests, Pines's views resembled Arieh Leib Frumkin's more than they resembled Eliezer Rivlin's or even Salomon's. Without jettisoning the religious character of the Yishuv, Pines favored economic development as a means of producing a healthy, self-sufficient Jewish society worthy of the modern age. Wilhelm Herzberg, even more than Pines, augured the coming of secular Western culture to the Yishuv.
