ABSTRACT
The culture and society of Laos are recognized as distinct in Southeast Asia, although they have strong roots in many nearby countries. Laos has its own spoken and written language, and unique music, architecture, handicrafts, manners of dress, and popular customs. The early inhabitants of Laos were animists, and the invocation and propitiation of spirits, which lurk near every village, remain concerns for a large segment of the population, especially among the hill tribes. The Buddhist Sangha, or order of monks, has traditionally played an important role in the society of Laos, ensuring not only its spiritual cohesion but also its economic stability and well-being. Since respect for the Buddhist religion and for the throne had figured so prominently in Neo Lao Hak Sat statements, the abrupt abdication of the king and resulting popular feeling confronted the Lao People's Revolutionary party leaders with a major religious and political problem.
