ABSTRACT
The Eighteenth Dynasty is sometimes called Thutmosid, the Nineteenth and Twentieth are Ramesside. In comparison with Mesopotamia, the New Kingdom falls in the Middle Babylonian period, which began in 1595, in particular in the time of the Kassite Dynasty and the Second Dynasty of Isin. With the final expulsion of the Hyksos by Ahmose, Egypt entered the period of its New Kingdom or empire, comprising the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth dynasties. As transmitted by Josephus, Africanus, and Eusebius, the lists of Manetho for the Eighteenth Dynasty exhibit considerable confusion. In a painted sandstone statue from Deir el-Bahri, Amunhotep II stands under the protection of the cow goddess, Hathor, a deity especially prominent in the Eighteenth Dynasty. The new king began his reign with the same personal name as several of his predecessors in the same dynasty—Amunhotep—and took the throne name Neferkheprure.
