ABSTRACT
This chapter presents the development of civil defense efforts after the demise of the Shelter Incentive Bill. It analyzes the precipitous decline of interest in civil defense in the mid-1960s and outlines program and organizational developments during the years when the issue remained essentially hidden from public view. The prospects for the meaningful protection of the population were very poor and the case for a major civil defense program was accordingly weak. The Community Shelter Planning Program, also initiated in the 1960s, attempted to assist local governments in informing citizens where shelters were located and what to do in the event of a nuclear emergency. By the mid-1970s interest in the concept of civil defense against nuclear attack began to revive. Civil defense proponents had, however, also spoken of strategic evacuation. People could be moved out of probable target areas during a crisis but before an attack had actually been launched.
