ABSTRACT
Chapter 2 extends knowledge of nouns and noun phrases (subject, appositive, object, object of preposition), prepositional phrases (adjective/adjectival, adverb/adverbial), phrasal verbs, and introduces active and passive voice and conjunctive adverbs. The pronoun substitution test is shown as another test to identify nouns. The form and function of an appositive is discussed along with important punctuation rules for essential (restrictive) and non-essential (non-restrictive) appositives. A note on the structure of a prepositional phrase and how it can be confused with infinitive phrase is provided. Phrasal verbs are shown in reference to their confusion with particles. The structure of active and passive voice sentence structure (syntax), the sentence’s agent, and the verb structure is discussed. Conjunctions are extended with conjunctive adverbs (linking adverbials), which link sentences and signal specific relationships. Punctuation patterns of conjunctive adverbs and coordinating conjunctions are reviewed and practiced. Writing Matters extends active/passive voice and examines how information order (old versus new information) can influence the use of voice. The Language Matters section asks for the examination of the f-word in terms of how it is adaptable to different word classes and its ability to take affixes (prefixes, suffixes, infixes).
