ABSTRACT
The monarchy in France had been temporarily reinvigorated by the transference of kingship from the Carolingians to the Capetians, but it had soon begun to show signs of renewed weakness. For 48 years, from 1060 to 1108, Philip I, the son of Henry I, was king of France, so that his reign coincides almost exactly with that of Henry IV of Germany. In 1079 the primacy given to the archbishop of Lyons over the provinces of Rouen, Tours, and Sens placed two of the four archbishops whom the king controlled under the authority of one whose cathedral city lay outside the borders of the kingdom. Philip’s coming-of-age in 1067 coincided with the death of Baldwin, so that he was left entirely to his own devices. The importance of preserving the royal possessions intact seems to have been impressed upon him by his guardian, for he avoided the mistake of his predecessors and was careful not to parcel them out.
