ABSTRACT
Developments of vaccines and medicines happening continuously helped in achieving significant improvements in life expectancy: between 1990 and 2020, from 50 years to 62 in the low-income countries, 59 to 67 in lower-middle, 68 to 75 in upper-middle, and 75 to 80 years in the high-income countries. Also, there has been access to health care on a much better footing today. However, that is not the same as visibility of equality in the health system: rich and poor alike having access to any hospital and any doctor as per choice and need. This chapter showcases the health care systems of India and China, with the largest population sizes; and Japan and the United States in the top health system rank among the 17 countries in focus. China’s basic health insurance system covers over 95% of the population.
