ABSTRACT

This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on the concepts covered in the preceding chapters of this book. The book shows that Pennsylvania’s anti-religious-garb statute violates both the Establishment and Free Exercise clauses of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania also misconstrues the legal definition of "entanglement". The state bypasses the legal definition of administrative entanglement, such as public funds going to a private religious organization, as well as the political entanglement when the state interferes with the internal governance of a religious group. Pennsylvania anti-religious-garb statute failed the general applicability test because it targeted religious practice for government regulation. The contemporary anti-religious-garb laws directly burdened licensed public schoolteachers through legal penalties. States claimed that the restriction applied only to the religious garb worn by teachers while they were teaching in public schools because it was not an absolute ban on the wearing of religious garb in public by all people.