ABSTRACT
Tonic shifts will take place from a starting note to any of its closely related keys. Closely related keys are those that have either the same key signature or one with only one accidental different from the key signature of origin. Notice also that all six of the tonal centers represented by the keys that are closely related to D major are also scale degrees in that key: D, E, F, G, A, and B. Rather than merely reacting to the musical surface the readers will need to think about what keys are being implied, and they will be forced on occasion to embrace the ambiguity of a passage that could just as easily be in one key as in the next. Musical sensitivity and a willingness to experiment with different options will serve they well as they study the performance of modulations.
