ABSTRACT
This chapter explains how metaphors can be used to demonstrate how to deal with work concerning rational beliefs. The American Psychology Association says over 1,000 psychotherapy approaches exist, which are generally called ‘talk therapies.’ Metaphors have been an important aspect of human beings’ verbal communication throughout history. Some research studied the neurobiological influences of metaphors and they indicated two findings: a fine versus coarse hypothesis and a graded salience hypothesis. Metaphors are context-sensitive and reflect social and cultural processes that influence individual characteristics, but they are also symbolistic models of real life, much like schemas in cognition. Metaphors, in the Turkish and Arabic languages, can be one word, one sentence, or a form of stories. Metaphors in psychotherapy can also be used as words and phrases. Ataturk’s life can be used as a great example ‘metaphorically’ of ‘high-tolerance skill,’ anti-awfulizing, unconditional life acceptance, and flexible thinking for Middle Eastern nations.
