ABSTRACT
This chapter concludes with a reexamination of the methodology that was applied in order to explain the resurgence of religious fundamentalism. It is argued that the main reason behind the resurgence of religious fundamentalist in the postcolonial Global South is the incomplete program of modernization. Hence what is actually taking place in the contemporary geopolitics is the emergence of a new Machiavellian moment, a phase when states and/or societies become inward looking and use their religious and ethnic symbolic capital in order to promote a strong nationalistic rhetoric. Religions are hence used as the medium of their strategy of communication propaganda and in turn religious agents or politicians exploit this opportunity to reenter dynamically in the public sphere.
