Escalating heresy campaigns against Ahmadiyah and Shi’a communities

This chapter explains the history of how local residents in some areas in Kuningan dan Sampang regencies respectively embraced Ahmadiyah and Shi’a minority faiths. It then explains why the heresy campaign against Ahmadiyah and Shi’a communities escalated in the era of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.

This chapter argues that the different interpretation of faiths was a secondary factor in the materialization of violence. Instead, this chapter found that it was the active role played by anti-minority groups, mostly vigilante groups, which enabled the violence.