ABSTRACT
In this chapter, the authors present the model of the four states of consciousness, which describes four main states of consciousness in terms of restrictiveness and degree of multiplicity: (1) Restricted consciousness, (2) Adult state of consciousness, (3) Mindful state of consciousness, and (4) Nondual awareness. Restricted consciousness is related to the highest degree of the multiplicity that manifests in the identification of the observing self with non-integrated self-states. In contrast, nondual awareness is free of identification with a personal sense of self and is related to a sense of oneness where there is no multiplicity. The model helps us to understand the client in terms of their self-states and how a mindful state of consciousness is crucial for the transformation of the personal sense of self and well-being. The authors present three main phases of mindfulness- and compassion-oriented integrative psychotherapy (MCIP): (1) Establishing the therapeutic alliance and developing mindful capacity, (2) Metacognitive awareness of the personal sense of self and values-based living, and (3) Transformation and integration of the personal sense of self. They discuss the importance of spiritual development and nondual awareness as a potentially important phase in psychotherapy.
