ABSTRACT
Restoring degraded ecosystems using nature-based solutions can improve the resilience of ecosystems, enabling them to deliver vital ecosystem services while also addressing other societal challenges. In identifying areas for restoration, consideration should be given to improving the extent, quality, and connectivity of high-biodiversity areas, including areas that are home to threatened or endangered species and ones that deliver important ecosystem services. Nature-based solutions can restore soil quality while enhancing the quality of water and air, restore the capacity of degraded forest land to deliver forest products and services, protect dryland soil and restore grasslands, improve water quantity and water quality, and restore and enhance protected terrestrial areas. Nature-based solutions can be applied to restore major coastal and marine ecosystems, enhancing the many ecosystem services these environments provide. Nature-based solutions in the marine environment also include marine protected areas which are designed to protect complete habitats and ecosystems within an area or can be more specifically tailored to protect specific habitats.
