ABSTRACT
The environment and society are generally perceived to be the two main sets of objects for research. Geography is a discipline that focuses on location, place, and environment. Geography is also a bridging discipline between the arts and sciences, live humanistic geographers address questions of place and landscape, its meanings, symbols, values, and interpretations. Geography is often defined in terms of a concern for spatial distributions just as history is often defined as concerned with the sequence of events over time. Geography is the only system of sciences that has chosen for its subject matter such a heterogeneous set of systems. The basic, common analytical tool of geography is, and always has been, the map. Sociological, ecological, and integrational tendencies in geography reflect a characteristic period in the development of geography gradually and in response to global changes, and especially beginning with the 1960s.
