ABSTRACT
The spirit and ambitions of the first five-year plan left their imprint in various fields, which had to be adapted and oriented to serve the building of the economy. In 1957, scientific research was carried out in 580 establishments employing more than 28,000 research students and technicians, amounting to three times as many students and technicians as in 1952. The Academy of Sciences, of which Kuo Mo-jo was chairman, consisted of forty-one institutes with 2,063 research students. Periodicals, books, radio, and cinema are considered first of all as instruments of class struggle and secondarily as means of information or distraction. The Party's policy toward Christians, always suspected of serving foreign interest—American-British in the case of the Protestants and Roman in that of the Catholics—was one of organized nationalization. The Chinese Protestants held their first national congress on August 6, 1954. The Central Committee of the Party, with the support of its Nationalities Department, decided on policy toward the minority races.
