ABSTRACT
This chapter analyzes intergroup relations in isolated, remote and traditional societies. It examines nations subject to direct external control and invasion. The Bahamas, Barbados, and Iceland involved settlement by external refugees, who developed plantations in some cases, but within which significant levels of democratization took place. Norway, San Marino, Belgium, the Netherlands, Austria, and Finland are major examples of the first type. The first of these was originally part of a thirteenth century Scandinavian kingdom under Danish control. The country was eventually ceded to Sweden, declaring its independence in 1905. A modern monarchy was established by plebiscite and the society has experienced a variety of economic, social and political dynamics. Traditional societies which are relatively low in conflict, then, include those who resisted external domination, becoming largely democratic, those attaining internal unity and constitutional monarchies, and those shifting from traditional monarchies to limited political openness.
