ABSTRACT
The theories of Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung placed the primary determinants of behavior within the person, largely at an unconscious level. For the interpersonal theorists, dynamic structures or maps became less important, as did the role of the unconscious in organizing the personality. There was a concomitant decrease in special terminology, a development the reader may appreciate. The chapter provides superficial acquaintance with the more prominent aspects of the theories. Individuals behave according to certain expectations of the future, whether or not those expectations have anything to do with reality. Some mention must be made of certain developmental concepts important in understanding A. Adler's contributions to personality theory. Adler feit that birth order influenced the lifestyle an individual eventually adopts. Adler described the main problems of living as occupational, social, and sexual, and saw the development of the individual as a matter of devising different methods of dealing with these problems.
