ABSTRACT
The oil and gas energy segment represents over 80% of global energy consumption, and reflects a capital-intensive, technology-intensive industry, with a wide array of refined, processed, liquefied, additive and chemical products to display. In order to better understand the challenges and opportunities of such a complex and diverse industry, readers are introduced to the petroleum and gas security. This chapter guides the readers through the upstream, midstream, and downstream processes that encompass global supply chains, and several geopolitical, geological, and climate-related challenges. Crude oil and natural gas, shale oil and gas, and their numerous products are presented from a commercial, technological, economic and operational perspective. The distinction between land and land and offshore exploration, and between conventional vs unconventional energy and technologies, is also provided.
In order to better encompass the wide spectrum of security, each of the above categories is explained and individual risks discussed, whereas a risk section provides aggregate conclusions on the oil and gas security risks with useful recommendations and observations.
Case studies of prominent corporations and partnerships are presented to better demonstrate the impact of large-scale synergies.
