ABSTRACT
Journalism continues to have a troubled relationship with technology tools, looking to them as saviors, or enemies, but not really something in between. As journalism studies scholars have pointed out, applying the theory of disruptive innovation to newsrooms must fight simplistic stereotypes, including presumptions about the kinds of newsrooms able to handle and enact change. Both Knight Ridder and the Columbia Journalism Review spent time and resources forecasting possible paths for the news industry. There was a 26 percent decline in journalism jobs in the US alone, or from about 114,000 newsroom staff in 2008 to 85,000 in 2020. The mutual shaping of humans on technology, and technology on humans, is messy and not susceptible to simple narratives. The disruption of the internet is no exception.
