ABSTRACT
Since World War II, American social scientists have become preoccupied with the industrialization of underdeveloped areas. Considering the history of disciplines, this is a relatively novel undertaking. It involves the study of social change in complex social structures on a comparative basis. One approach to such a study consists in the selection of a social problem encountered in several societies but resolved differently in each. At the inception of industrialization in England an ideology of traditionalism prevailed; John Stuart Mill called it the “theory of dependence.” All industrialization involves the organization of enterprises in which a few command and many obey. The ideas developed by the few and the many may be considered a symptom of changing class relations and hence a clue to an understanding of industrial societies. Historically, ideologies of management became significant in the transition from a pre-industrial to an industrial society.
