ABSTRACT
This concluding chapter develops some of the implications for the transformation of the developmental state by tracing the rise of the left-liberal government led by Kim Dae-Jung in 1997, followed by that of Roh Moo-Hyun, its fall in 2007 and the re-emergence of left-liberal governance in 2017 under Moon Jae-In after intensive mass candle-light demonstration movements. This chapter discusses how democratisation, advanced by mass movements from below, has had the effect of removing the ‘authoritarian façade’ of the state and at the same time strengthening ‘state fetishism’, whereby the state is increasingly rendered an entity more akin to the ideal-typical ‘normal’ capitalist state that is further removed from the economic sphere.
