ABSTRACT
While fraud examiners determined corporate crime, the criminal justice system determines individual crime. Therefore, the second situation was of special interest in this research, since corporate crime does not necessarily lead to individual accountability. The missing link between private investigation and police investigation is what we label privatization of law enforcement, which belongs to the larger issue of private police legitimacy that is quite controversial. We found that eight out of thirteen executives in this category received no charges from the criminal justice system, despite fraud examiners pointing at them as responsible agents for wrongdoings. The reluctance of the criminal justice system to investigate crime while private examiners investigate fraud is a problem of biased justice in society.
