ABSTRACT
In the utopian nightmare science and technology are freed from ordinary restrictions. The interdependence of science, technics, industrialization, mass population, and social organization is figuratively expressed by the striking symbol of the Giant Town. The mass is divided into classes. The sharpest possible division between the classes is combined with identity within one class. Two different utopian views of scientific humanism emerge: on the one hand there is Mankind, a symbol of the highest value. On the other hand there is Man in the Mass. The mass is also mankind, but mankind at a definite historical moment, in a special social situation. The classless society is essentially an eighteenth century arcadian dream, the twentieth-century utopia has clear class distinctions. The Smiths, descending from the pure English settlers, represent the Victorian capitalist ruling class, all non-Smiths are the disinherited subjects.
