ABSTRACT
Lying within the sphere of influence of the westerly winds the cold climates are subject to controls differing little from those of the cool-temperate climates, and much that has been said of the latter is equally applicable here. The marine type of cold climate has only a very small development in North America, namely, along the Alaskan coastal strip from Sitka to Cook Inlet. The essence of the Manchurian climate is, then, the alternation of a continental winter and a maritime summer and especially the great contrast in humidity between the seasons. The weather element is, however, less insistent and the climatic element more persistent than farther south; continental interiors especially lie under the influence of the winter anticyclones for long periods at a time, meanwhile enjoying cold, clear, calm and settled weather with light outward-blowing winds. The climate of Newfoundland and Labrador shows evidence of the cold Labrador current.
