ABSTRACT
This chapter introduces the basic principles of sound and human hearing, consider the common problems caused by sound, and then outline measures that can be taken to reduce them. It addresses the common applications that apply to the majority of buildings; it does not attempt to deal with the special conditions required for concert halls, recording studios and the like, which require the knowledge and skills of acousticians, although, the techniques they employ are all based on the fundamental principles described. Sound from outside, or from another part of a building, travels into a space, disturbing the occupants. This intrusive sound may be caused by aircraft or traffic noise, footfalls on bare floors, televisions in adjoining dwellings, or the operation of building services. Intrusive sound can affect health and quality of life. Creating spaces which enable clear communication is important for people with a hearing impairment, because overbearing background noise and reverberation will make communication more difficult.
