ABSTRACT
Translation studies is an academic research area that has expanded massively over the years. Translation was formerly studied as a language-learning methodology or as part of comparative literature, translation ‘workshops’ and contrastive linguistics courses. The discipline as we now know it owes much to the work of James S. Holmes, who proposed both a name and a structure for the field, but the context has now advanced. The interrelated branches of theoretical, descriptive and applied translation studies initially structured research. Over time, the interdisciplinarity and specialization of the subject have become more evident, and theories and models have continued to be imported from other disciplines, but also forged from within translation studies itself.
