ABSTRACT
A document communicates with more than just words. Just as a map has labels and legends, a document should use elements—covers, headings, bullets, sidebars, captions—and graphics that are intentionally fundamental or incidental, to provide paths through the document and help make the abstract concrete. Making a document within a deadline and budget requires an organized approach, whether professionals is working as a solo creator or on a team within a large organization. Beyond determining a suitable text and style, they also has to consider staff roles and responsibilities; budget; time; design, typography, and artwork; and distribution. Not every document deserves or requires a full graphic design. In fact, a less-polished draft can communicate a work in process, still open to influence and discussion. Staff reports presented at weekly meetings do not require covers or even tables of contents; they just need to clearly present the issue to be decided and its supporting information.
