ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses of four types of planning that have more or less succeeded one another in Denmark and most other European countries during the last 30–40 years. These are: rationalist/functionalist planning; participatory planning; corporatist planning; and lastly an aestheticist planning, which is, together with corporatist planning, the dominant tendency in most areas of planning. Heterogeneous reflexivity means in the context of planning an ability to handle issues of order, hybridity and ambivalence altogether. Physical planning is about creating network relations: it aims at sustaining a consistency between different sectors or between heterogeneous actors. Heterogeneous reflexivity must be related to rhetoric and rhetorical strategies that can depict the social interests in the city better than ironic strategies can by emphasizing involvement rather than detachment. Cognitive qualities still matter for planning, but they must now be thought of in the context of reflexivity.
