Chapter 1 is an overview of the key definitions and characteristics of renewable energies, renewable energy sources, technologies and enterprise. It is an introduction to sources of renewable energy for those unfamiliar and an overview of the key caveats of renewable energy enterprise (REE). This chapter also establishes the case for a focus on emerging markets as the context for REEs based on some unique institutional, infrastructural and socioeconomic features of these markets. Finally, the chapter concludes with an overview of some common features and myths about REEs in emerging markets.